Master English grammar with our comprehensive guide to 150 irregular verb forms. Learn V1, V2, V3, V4, and V5 forms with simple examples for effective learning and quick reference.
V1: Base Form V2: Simple Past V3: Past Participle V4: Third Person Singular Present V5: Present Participle/Gerund
| 1st Form, Base Form | 2nd Form, Past Simple | 3rd Form, Past Participle | 4th Form, s/es/ies form (3rd person singular present tense) | 5th Form, “ing” Form (Present Participle/Gerund) |
| arise | arose | arisen | arises | arising |
| bear | bore | born / borne | bears | bearing |
| beat | beat | beaten | beats | beating |
| become | became | become | becomes | becoming |
| begin | began | begun | begins | beginning |
| behold | beheld | beheld | beholds | beholding |
| bend | bent | bent | bends | bending |
| bet | bet | bet | bets | betting |
| bind | bound | bound | binds | binding |
| bite | bit | bitten | bites | biting |
| bleed | bled | bled | bleeds | bleeding |
| blow | blew | blown | blows | blowing |
| break | broke | broken | breaks | breaking |
| bring | brought | brought | brings | bringing |
| build | built | built | builds | building |
| burn | burned / burnt | burned / burnt | burns | burning |
| burst | burst | burst | bursts | bursting |
| bust | busted / bust | busted / bust | busts | busting |
| buy | bought | bought | buys | buying |
| catch | caught | caught | catches | catching |
| choose | chose | chosen | chooses | choosing |
| cling | clung | clung | clings | clinging |
| come | came | come | comes | coming |
| cost | cost | cost | costs | costing |
| creep | crept | crept | creeps | creeping |
| cut | cut | cut | cuts | cutting |
| deal | dealt | dealt | deals | dealing |
| dig | dug | dug | digs | digging |
| do | did | done | does | doing |
| draw | drew | drawn | draws | drawing |
| dream | dreamed / dreamt | dreamed / dreamt | dreams | dreaming |
| drink | drank | drunk | drinks | drinking |
| drive | drove | driven | drives | driving |
| dwell | dwelt / dwelled | dwelt / dwelled | dwells | dwelling |
| eat | ate | eaten | eats | eating |
| fall | fell | fallen | falls | falling |
| feed | fed | fed | feeds | feeding |
| feel | felt | felt | feels | feeling |
| fight | fought | fought | fights | fighting |
| find | found | found | finds | finding |
| flee | fled | fled | flees | fleeing |
| fly | flew | flown | flies | flying |
| forbid | forbade / forbad | forbidden | forbids | forbidding |
| forget | forgot | forgotten | forgets | forgetting |
| forgive | forgave | forgiven | forgives | forgiving |
| freeze | froze | frozen | freezes | freezing |
| get | got | got / gotten | gets | getting |
| give | gave | given | gives | giving |
| go | went | gone | goes | going |
| grind | ground | ground | grinds | grinding |
| grow | grew | grown | grows | growing |
| hang | hung / hanged | hung / hanged | hangs | hanging |
| have | had | had | has | having |
| hear | heard | heard | hears | hearing |
| hide | hid | hidden | hides | hiding |
| hit | hit | hit | hits | hitting |
| hold | held | held | holds | holding |
| hurt | hurt | hurt | hurts | hurting |
| keep | kept | kept | keeps | keeping |
| kneel | knelt / kneeled | knelt / kneeled | kneels | kneeling |
| know | knew | known | knows | knowing |
| lay | laid | laid | lays | laying |
| lead | led | led | leads | leading |
| lean | leant / leaned | leant / leaned | leans | leaning |
| leap | leapt / leaped | leapt / leaped | leaps | leaping |
| learn | learnt / learned | learnt / learned | learns | learning |
| leave | left | left | leaves | Leaving |
| lend | lent | lent | lends | lending |
| let | let | let | lets | letting |
| lie | lay | lain | lies | lying |
| light | lit / lighted | lit / lighted | lights | lighting |
| lose | lost | lost | loses | losing |
| make | made | made | makes | making |
| mean | meant | meant | means | meaning |
| meet | met | met | meets | meeting |
| mistake | mistook | mistaken | mistakes | mistaking |
| overhear | overheard | overheard | overhears | overhearing |
| oversleep | overslept | overslept | oversleeps | oversleeping |
| pay | paid | paid | pays | paying |
| put | put | put | puts | putting |
| read | read | read | reads | reading |
| rid | rid / ridded | rid / ridded | rids | ridding |
| ride | rode | ridden | rides | riding |
| ring | rang | rung | rings | ringing |
| rise | rose | risen | rises | rising |
| run | ran | run | runs | running |
| say | said | said | says | saying |
| see | saw | seen | sees | seeing |
| seek | sought | sought | seeks | seeking |
| sell | sold | sold | sells | selling |
| send | sent | sent | sends | sending |
| set | set | set | sets | setting |
| sew | sewed | sewn / sewed | sews | sewing |
| shake | shook | shaken | shakes | shaking |
| shed | shed | shed | sheds | shedding |
| shine | shone | shone | shines | shining |
| shoot | shot | shot | shoots | shooting |
| show | showed | shown | shows | showing |
| shrink | shrank | shrunk | shrinks | shrinking |
| shut | shut | shut | shuts | shutting |
| sing | sang | sung | sings | singing |
| sink | sank | sunk | sinks | sinking |
| sit | sat | sat | sits | sitting |
| sleep | slept | slept | sleeps | sleeping |
| slide | slid | slid | slides | sliding |
| sling | slung | slung | slings | slinging |
| slit | slit | slit | slits | slitting |
| smell | smelled / smelt | smelled / smelt | smells | smelling |
| sow | sowed | sown / sowed | sows | sowing |
| speak | spoke | spoken | speaks | speaking |
| speed | sped / speeded | sped / speeded | speeds | speeding |
| spell | spelt / spelled | spelt / spelled | spells | spelling |
| spend | spent | spent | spends | spending |
| spill | spilled / spilt | spilled / spilt | spills | spilling |
| spin | spun | spun | spins | spinning |
| spit | spat / spit | spat / spit | spits | spitting |
| split | split | split | splits | splitting |
| spoil | spoilt / spoiled | spoilt / spoiled | spoils | spoiling |
| spread | spread | spread | spreads | spreading |
| spring | sprang | sprung | springs | springing |
| stand | stood | stood | stands | standing |
| steal | stole | stolen | steals | stealing |
| stick | stuck | stuck | sticks | sticking |
| sting | stung | stung | stings | stinging |
| stink | stank | stunk | stinks | stinking |
| stride | strode | stridden | strides | striding |
| strike | struck | struck | strikes | striking |
| string | strung | strung | strings | stringing |
| strive | strived / strove | strived / striven | strives | striving |
| swear | swore | sworn | swears | swearing |
| sweep | swept | swept | sweeps | sweeping |
| swell | swelled | swollen / swelled | swells | swelling |
| swim | swam | swum | swims | swimming |
| swing | swung | swung | swings | swinging |
| take | took | taken | takes | taking |
| teach | taught | taught | teaches | teaching |
| tear | tore | torn | tears | tearing |
| tell | told | told | tells | telling |
| think | thought | thought | thinks | thinking |
| throw | threw | thrown | throws | throwing |
| thrust | thrust | thrust | thrusts | thrusting |
| understand | understood | understood | understands | understanding |
| upset | upset | upset | upsets | upsetting |
| wake | woke | woken | wakes | waking |
| wear | wore | worn | wears | wearing |
| weep | wept | wept | weeps | weeping |
| win | won | won | wins | winning |
| withdraw | withdrew | withdrawn | withdraws | withdrawing |
| withstand | withstood | withstood | withstands | withstanding |
| write | wrote | written | writes | writing |
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